Sunday, December 29, 2019
Questions On The Nature Of Interpretation - 850 Words
Hypothetical Misinterpretation Jerrold Levinson, a prominent hypothetical intentionalist, through his explanation of the relationship between artworks and exploratory interpretations, has gone under criticism for allowing misinterpretations to be deemed as valid ââ¬Å"could meanâ⬠options. However, one finds when reading ââ¬Å"Two Notions of Interpretationâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Intention and Interpretation in Literatureâ⬠that these criticisms are effectively countered by two arguments that Levinson presents. Firstly, although the exploratory mode of inquiry can have multiple, if not infinite, could mean answers, it also has could not mean answers. These could not mean interpretations provide insight into the work and allow for interpretations to be judged on a scaleâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Because they are ludic and not grounded in physical realities one can come up with multiple ââ¬Å"correctâ⬠interpretations that are sound but mutually exclusive. To construe what something could mean, Levinson proposes that we, as interpreters, be pragmatic and use logic in combination with our given knowledge of the contexts of works to determine their interpretations. Although there exists an impulse to either exclusively use does mean or could mean modes of inquiry, like an x-ray for the former and a metaphor for the latter, the two modes actually have mutual implications. To examine an x-ray for what it means is to postulate what it could mean and then come to an apt conclusion. To examine a metaphor is to find what is a plausible response in a determinative context of semantic possibilities. There also exist instances of purely could mean inquiries, says Levinson, like the infinite volumes of Babel, but without a does mean interpretation available, as there are no intentions behind the works, the infinite possible could mean interpretations create an absence of meaning. It is here I would like to extend the definition of does mean inter pretation beyond scientific knowledge based answers, to include hypothetical DM interpretations. Although we will see how authorialShow MoreRelatedThe Fundamental Knowledge Of Knowledge1637 Words à |à 7 Pagesknowledge issue arising from this question is whether knowledge is consistent throughout time. Can we progress through applying knowledge generated decades ago? To determine whether knowledge generated from areas such as history and science can predict the future, it is necessary to know whether the knowledge acquired through these areas of knowing is consistent, irrespective of changes in time and culture, amongst other factors. Through considering this question, we are gaining insight into whetherRead MoreThe Debate On Constitutional Interpretation1730 Words à |à 7 Pageson Constitutional interpretation is far from a new one. For years, the argument over how the Constitution should be read has varied, from the strict textualist approach to the most lenient, the instrume ntalist position. The Constitution has long been referred to in terms of being a living or dead document, and its interpretation has significant ramifications on this countryââ¬â¢s legal climate. This paper will analyze and compare two different forms of Constitutional interpretation: originalism and activismRead More Interpretations of Robert Frosts Poem, Design Essay1089 Words à |à 5 PagesInterpretations of Robert Frosts Poem, Design The poem Design explores whether the events in nature are simply random occurrences or part of a larger plan by God, and if theres a force that dominates and controls our very existence. On that point both Jere K Huzzard and Everett Carter aggress on. They differ in their interpretations of the poems ending and what they think Frost wanted to convey with his vague ending. Both agree that the last line of the poem was written in an undefinedRead MoreEvolution And Its Impact On Students Worldview1310 Words à |à 6 PagesPerhaps the greatest challenge in the Christian academic community surrounds the question of evolution and its impact on studentsââ¬â¢ worldview. Trepidation concerning the topic of evolution and its implications may launch students into a pit of uncertainty and doubt. This outcome is certain if the topic at hand is presented in such a way that fails to encounter studentsââ¬â¢ questions in an academically enriching environment. Historically, the act of challeng ing notions of familiarity results in outcomesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Hamlet And Hamlet1442 Words à |à 6 Pagesis due to the multifaceted nature of revenge. Furthermore, the ability of a text to have different interpretations and discussions about these varying interpretations contributes to the textual integrity of a text. Madness and its portrayal throughout Hamlet and Hamletââ¬â¢s ruminations endows audiences thoughts into the complex nature of revenge. The impacts of madness, introspection, uncertainty and honour on Hamletââ¬â¢s ability to enact revenge contribute to the complex nature of revenge in Hamlet. ThusRead MoreDescartes Meditations On First Philosophy922 Words à |à 4 Pagesexcerpt, Meditations on First Philosophy, he proclaims, ââ¬Å"It is beyond question that I shall reach the truth if I think hard enough about the things that I perfectly understand, keeping them separate from all the other matters in which my thoughts are more confused and obscu reâ⬠(à §104). When Descartes made this statement in his fourth meditation, what was he conjecturing by the term ââ¬Å"perfect?â⬠According to the standard interpretation, perfect encompasses all required or desirable elements, qualitiesRead MoreRobert Frost: Design1385 Words à |à 6 PagesRobert Frost, ââ¬Å"Designâ⬠is a deeply philosophical poem that understands something too big to be understood by taking a small piece and understanding it and linking it to the universe at large, answers many of the largest questions that surround the universe while recognizing those questions may potentially be unanswerable, addresses the Argument from Design and the belief in a creator, describes the two concepts of Design, which can be metaphorically categorized both as an ââ¬Å"engineeringâ⬠term describingRead MoreReligious Repression And Its Effects On Religion879 Words à |à 4 Pagesminority religions, sacrilege of holy sites, detentions of religious enemies, and many more crimes against humanity (Johnson, 2013). The nature of Fundamentalism is called into question, as extremist religious figures lead intolerance of other religions, resulting to violence and ethnic cleansing to make their interpretation the only interpretation (Johnson, 2013). Questions are raised over the U.S inclusion of religious freedom in its foreign policy, and a remedy of the ineffectiveness of the PresidentialRead MoreHow to Construct Research Question1149 Words à |à 5 PagesIB Extended Essay ââ¬â Forming a Research Question Choice of topic The topic chosen must focus on the human past, be worthy of study, and lend itself to systematic investigation in line with the published assessment criteria. Essays that focus on events of the last 10 years are not acceptable, as these are regarded as current affairs, not history. It is not a requirement for the topic to be chosen from the Diploma Programme history course, but it must be acceptable to the supervisor. It shouldRead MoreLiterature and Natural Science have Brought New Knowledge into My Life1402 Words à |à 6 Pagesuses reason, evidence and strong logic to support the theory. Due to its consistency, scientific knowledge is often disagreed. On the other hand, inconsistencies and independence in art make it to be an area of knowledge with controversies in interpretations. However, we do not disregard the values of art. There are people learning Shakespeareââ¬â¢s poems that do not seem to convey what we know as facts. Scottish philosopher Thomas Carlyle insists: ââ¬Å"Indian Empire, or no Indian Empire we cannot do without
Friday, December 20, 2019
The Slavery Of The Slave Trade - 1295 Words
Africaââ¬â¢s has obtained a poor representation of its deep past, during the past couple of weeks we have watched, read and researched information on this topic. Africa has been known to be backwards, poor, and disconnected from the rest of the world. Which we have proven false throughout this course, as a result, we will focus on five maps and a few readings that have proven Africaââ¬â¢s deep past has had inquired and false truths. Overall, Africa earns very little recognition for its past, the past that has been hidden. Map 7 gives you a few examples of how Atlantic slave trade came to be. What would be significant about it is that the laws, and rules that existed for the slave trade, were slightly confusing. Example not everyone knew or wouldâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦As for our visual representation Adanggaman we are taken to the early 17th century where Ossei and his village gets burn down by the African slavers. He had left his village when this incident happened, to find his girlfriend and father dead, and his mother has been captured. Throughout the movie we see the battle that Ossei goes through as he tries to help his mother from the slavers. Map 7 is the best represented map of Africa and the issues that faces it because, there are facts, information, Yes this did happen and here is how it happened this map has the most evidence, that this is true history. As we go forth to map 1 diamonds map of ââ¬Å"People of Africaâ⬠we identify that, this is not the best representation of Africaââ¬â¢s past. This is because you cannot truly determine where ââ¬Å"Whiteââ¬â¢s, Blackââ¬â¢s, Prymies, Khoisan, and Indonesians Blacks, or the majority of the population was located. According to Diamond the Europeans needed a physical description of who occupied what area of Africa due to the fact that the majority of Africaââ¬â¢s population would be ââ¬Å"blackâ⬠. What does Diamond even mean by ââ¬Å"blackâ⬠and also you cannot have geographical representation of Africa diving it into five groups due to the fact that the majority of trade would be done on the coast. He also says that the whites and blacks were divided in Africa but how could that be? During the time of A.D. 1400 Diamond argues that the five divisions of Africa, according to this MapShow MoreRelatedSlavery And The Slave Trade1436 Words à |à 6 PagesSlavery has been documented and has been part of the world for a very extensive time. Slaves as well-defined by numerous of individualââ¬â¢s state that slaves were a group of individuals who were legally bought and soon after, became the property of an owner and were forced to obey. No one knows when slavery actually came about, but we do know that it existed. So this being said, today I will be talking about the slave trade, comparing the differences of being an African slave and American slave, asRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1405 Words à |à 6 PagesThe slave trade, which was once a legal part of the American constitution, has for many years become a form of piracy because it takes away the basic human rights of any person. The Atlantic slave trade was originated in West Africa and became a systematic institution in American and European economies. This plague brought about an inevitable existence of the nations greatest political conflict. The slave trade evoked heartbreak, and a horror to society as the nation became split over puritan valuesRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1328 Words à |à 6 Pagesamounts of workers for cultivation infrastructure. For this reason, American settlers began the transatlantic slave trade trade. Christianity played an important role in advocating for the morality of the slave trade (Ri chard). In order to drive the slave industry, pastors across America used the traditions and stories found in the Bible to endorse and even encourage the practice of slavery. At this time, America was seeing ever dividing sects of protestantism. There were countless institutions anywhereRead MoreSlavery And The Slave Trade1498 Words à |à 6 PagesThe phenomenon of new world slavery was a well-run business and the slaves were the product. Slavery was one of the few industries in history where assets exceeded liability and ownerââ¬â¢s equity, which is an unusual occurrence considering the equation is normally that assets equal liability and ownerââ¬â¢s equity. Throughout this essay, the rise of slavery and the slave trade will be explained and slavery will be illustrated as the product of a domino effect. Slavery was a process and it took many peopleRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1310 Words à |à 6 PagesThe word slave is well-defined as an individual detained in se rvitude as the chattel of another, or one that is wholly impassive to a ruling power (American Heritage dictionary of the English language, 2011). The most renowned circumstances of slavery materialized throughout the settling of the United States of America. From 1619 until July 1st 1928 slavery was acceptable within United States of America the Slavery protestors endeavoured to end slavery, which at some point; they were effective atRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1104 Words à |à 5 PagesThe Atlantic Slave Trade was about importing and exporting of commodities such as sugar, cotton and humans beings (slaves) which would be considered the most valuable product. A slave is defined as a person being held in servitude as the chattel (property) of another; one that is completely subservient to a dominating influence.â⬠(Merriam-Webster) According to Paul Lovejoy ââ¬Å"slavery was one form of exploitation. Its special characteristics included the idea that slaves were property; that theyRead MoreSlavery And The Slave Trade Essay1313 Words à |à 6 Pagesuse of the domestic slave trade because of the need for slaves in the tobacco planting lands. Many landowners and planters looked towards the Chesapeake area to seek for slaves. Many slave owners started looking towards that region because the International Slave Trade had been blockaded off. The domestic slave trade began something different; where African Americans were moved to a new location either through being sold or being transferred. Because of the desperate need of slaves in order to earnRead MoreThe Slavery Of The Slave Trade1987 Words à |à 8 Pagesbe complete without the mention of the interstate slave trade. This is most applicable when we talk about one aspect of the slave trade that often gets overlooked, the Atlantic Slave Trade. When mentioning the Atlantic Slave Trade, it is the fact that southerners considered reopening the trade after its dissolution in the beginning of th e nineteenth century. Interestingly enough, there were movements by southerners to reopen the Atlantic Slave Trade that were in the name of southern expansion. OneRead MoreSlavery And The Slave Trade2968 Words à |à 12 Pageshistory of slavery is long, documented, captured in photos and personal narratives of slaves and slave owners. There are many accounts of how slavery started, the horrific stories of transporting slaves and what they were used for throughout history. To start at the beginning you have to start with how slaves were placed in different countries and continents where they were not born. Most know about the Atlantic slave trade that effected North America, South America and the Caribbean. Slavery existedRead MoreSlavery And The Slave Trade1889 Words à |à 8 PagesFor over 2,000 years, slavery has been conducted in various parts of the world. From year 1500 to year 1900, Europeans stole individuals from West Africa, West Central Africa, and Southeast Africa and s hipped them to the different parts of the Atlantic. This process dehumanized them of their identity. Europeans stole husbands, wives, merchants, blacksmiths, farmers, and even children. They removed them from their homelands and gave them new names: slaves. European slaveholders never thought to take
Thursday, December 12, 2019
Tech free essay sample
Is driverless technology the best thing that ever happened to cars? Technology is advancing very fast; some even say that technology is advancing so fast that society cannot keep up. One technology that is advancing at a very fast pace is driverless car technology. A driverless car is a robotic vehicle that is designed to travel between destinations without a human operator. Driverless technology has many advantages as well as disadvantages. It will affect not only the society but also the government, car companies, politics, and car insurance companies. B. Thesis Statement? Driverless technology affects society in both a positive and a negative way. Even though it has disadvantages, the self-driving technology is the best thing that ever happened to cars. I. Driverless technology A How driverless cars work 1 Driver sets a terminus; the carââ¬â¢s software determines a route and starts the car on its way. 2 A LIDAR sensor monitors a 60-meter range around the car and creates a dynamic 3-D map of the carââ¬â¢s current environment. We will write a custom essay sample on Tech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 3 Radar systems in the front and rear bumpers calculate distances to obstacles. 4 Reading signs and traffic lights and identifying pedestrians is done using a combination of cameras, radar and LIDAR B What a driverless car can do 1 Drive in highways, highways, and mountain roads with infrequent human intervention. 2 Detects and reacts to what the co-pilot does 3 Find a parking spot and park by itself without anyone being inside the car. II. The benefits driverless technology brings to society A Driverless technology is safer then humans driving 1 Sensors and vehicle-to-vehicle communication are more accurate. 2 Less able to be distracted than a human driver 3 Obeys the laws/ will not take chances/ drive the speed limit B Disabled people will be able to drive 1 Blind people will be able to drive 4 Elderly people will be able to go anywhere they want 5 People without hands, feet, will be able to drive C. Driverless technology will save people money 1. Self-driving car will use less gas 2. Less chance of getting a ticket III. How self-driving technology will affect society in a negative way A Driverless cars will effect employment 1 ââ¬Å"About 232,000 limo and taxi drivers will be unemployedâ⬠(Frey, 2013). 6 ââ¬Å"Over 647,000 bus drivers will be out of workâ⬠(Frey, 2013). 7 ââ¬Å"Over 125,000 truck drivers will be looking for new careersâ⬠(Frey, 2013). 8 ââ¬Å"Other jobs affected will be pizza delivery, FedEx, UPS, etc. â⬠(Frey, 2013). C Privacy 1 The police will be able to monitor the travels of chosen individuals 9 Hacking of the vehicle information D Cost of driverless cars 1 ââ¬Å"Carââ¬â¢s sticker price will go up $7,000-$10,000â⬠(Kurweil, 2014). 2 Not everyone will be able to buy one. Interest. comââ¬â¢s 2013 Car Affordability Study says, ââ¬Å" the average American can only afford to spend $20,806 on a carâ⬠(Tannert, 2014). IV. Conclusion A Driverless technology affects society both in a good and a bad way. The benefits driverless technology brings to society are that driverless technology is safer then humans driving, B disabled people will be able to drive, and driverless technology will save people money. The ways that will impact society in a negative way are that driverless cars will effect employment, it will have some privacy problems, and it will cost a lot to buy one. Driverless technology affects society in both a positive and a negative way. Even though it has disadvantages, the self-driving technology is the best thing that ever happened to cars. Reflection paragraph Our team topic is modern automobile technology. Our main focus is driverless car technology. We will be talking about how it will effect society, how will it affect insurance companies/ driving laws, how much will this technology cost and who do these new technologies profit, and how the self driving technology will affect politics. These ideas relate to the team project because it shows how society will be affected by this technology. References
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